Early in 1942, he persuaded the authorities to let him form his own small unit.  This force, composed at first of five officers, eighteen other ranks and six vehicles, was eventually built up to number 195 men, all British except Colonel Peniakoff, and all wearing a shoulder flash with the initials PPA, standing for "Popski's Private Army".  The unit operated in the Mediterranean theatre behind enemy lines, freeing prisoners, destroying plant and harrying the enemy.

For his war services, "Popski" was awarded the Distinguished Service Order and the Military Cross.  He died in London in May, 1951.

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